PENGARUH SWEDISH MASSAGE TERHADAP PERUBAHAN TEKANAN DARAH, HEART RATE DAN TINGKAT STRES DI PUSKESMAS HELVETIA MEDAN

Lasma Rina Sinurat, Ch. Dwiana Wijayanti, Andreas Adyatmaka

Abstract


Pendahuluan. Hipertensi merupakan peningkatan tekanan darah yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan seperti stroke dan penyakit jantung.Penatalaksanaan hipertensi adalah pengontrolan tekanan darah melalui diit, pengobatan, dan terapi komplementer. Swedish massage (SM) merupakan salah satu terapi komplementer yang berpotensi menurunkan tekanan darah (TD), heart rate(HR), dan stres. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh SM terhadap perubahan tekanan darah, heart rate, dan tingkat stres di Puskesmas Helvetia Medan.

Metode. Jenis penelitian ini Quasi Experiment pre dan posttest design terhadap 82 responden (intervensi n=41, kontrol n=41) yang diambil dengan carasimple random sampling. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner DASS 42 untuk mengukur tingkat stres dan sphygmomanometer digital untuk mengukur TD dan HR. Karakteristik responden mayoritas berusia 56-65 tahun (39%), perempuan (67,1%), riwayat merokok >10 batang/hari (31,8%). Hasil. Analisis statistik uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan penurunan tekanan darah sistolik (TDS), tekanan darah diastolik (TDD), heart rate (HR), dan tingkat stres (pvalue=0,000) sebelum dan sesudah SM. Uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap penurunan TDS, TDD, tingkat stres (pvalue=0,000), dan heart rate (pvalue=0,005), antara kelompok kontrol dan intervensi. Uji regresi ordinal menunjukkan ada pengaruh SM terhadap penurunan TDS (OR=10,15), TDD (OR=0,17), HR (OR=0,75), tingkat stres (OR=0,86).

Kesimpulan. Kontribusi secara simultan pengaruh SM terhadap TDS 39,3%, TDD 38,3%, HR 16,3%, dan tingkat stres 40,6%, sedangkan variabel lainnya tidak diteliti. Penyuluhan dan mengajarkan kepada pasien dan keluarga pasien tentang aplikasi SM dapat menjadi salah satu terapi nonfarmakologi untuk menurunkan TD, HR dan tingkat stres yang disertai kontrol variabel independen lainnya yaitu intake alkohol, asupan garam, penyakit penyerta, gaya hidup dan serum lipid.

Full Text:

PDF

References


AAMT. (2008). The Effectiveness of Massage Therapy : A Summary of Evidence-Based Research. Australia: Australian Association of Massage Therapists & RMIT University.

Abed, Y., & Haddaf, S. A. (2013, January 30). Risk Factors of Hypertension at UNRWA Primary Health Care Centers in Gaza Governorates. ISRN Epidemiology, 1-9. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2013/720760

AHA. (2014). Guidelines for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack : A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Greenville Avenue, Dallas: American Heart Association, Inc. doi:10.1161/STR.0000000000000024

Alligood, M. R. (2014). Nursing Theorists and Their Work. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier.

AMTA. (2014). Massage Profession Research Report. America: Curties-Overzet Publication.

Ansari, A. H., Zulkifle, M., Akhtar, W. M., & Ilahi, A. (2012, April).

Massage: A Crutch for the Elderly Insomniacs. STM Journals, 1(1), 14-20.

Black, J. M., & Hawks, J. H. (2009). Medical Surgical Nursing. Clinical Management for Positive Outcomes (Eighth ed.). Singapore: ELSEVIER.

Brashers, V. (2004). Aplikasi Klinis Patofisiologi : Pemeriksaan & Manajemen (2 ed.). Jakarta: EGC.

Braun , M. B., & Simonson, S. J. (2008). Introduction to massage therapy (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Depkes. (2009). Pedoman Pengendalian Faktor Risiko Penyakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal PP & PL.

Fritz, S. (2004). Fundamental of Therapeutic Massage (3 th ed.). United States: Mosby.

Fukotomi, M., & Kario, K. (2010). Aging and hypertension. Theme : Hypertension-Review Journal, 1531-1539.

Haber, J. (2006). Nursing Research : Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence-Based Practice. St. Louis, United State of America: Mosby Elsevier.

Helelo, T. P., Gelaw, Y. A., & Adane, A. A. (2014, November 21). Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Adults in Durame Town, Southern Ethiopia. PLOS ONE, 1-9. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112790

Hinkle , J. L., & Cheever, K. H. (2014). BRUNNER & SUDDARTH'S : Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 13th Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Hsieh, F. Y., Bloch, D. A., & Larsen, M. D. (1998). A Simple Method of Sample Size Calculation for Linear and Logistic Regression. Statistic In Medicine, 17, 1623-1634.

Ignatavicius, D. D., & Workman, M. L. (2010). Medical Surgical Nursing : Patient-Centered Collaborative Care (Sixth ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier.

JNC7. (2004). Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. U.S Departement of Health and Human Services: The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee.

Kaji, S., & Nariman. (2014). The Effect Of Swedish Massage On Blood Pressure In Patients. The Journal of MacroTrends in Health and Medicine, 2(1), 131-136.

Kavitha, M. S., Sreelekha, B., & Sujitha, E. (2015). Effectiveness of Swedish Massage Therapy on Stress and Blood Pressure Among Patients with Hypertension. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 4(10), 383-386.

Kholish, N. (2011). Bebas Hipertensi Seumur Hidup dengan Terapi Herbal. Yogyakarta: Real Books.

Koq, H. (2010). The Effects of Classical Massage on Blood Pressure, Oxygen Saturation, Respiratory and Resting Heart Rates in Blind Men. World Applied Sciences Journal, 10(7), 839-846.

Lewis, S. L., Dirksen, S. R., Heitkemper, M. M., Butcher, L., & Camera, I. M. (2011). MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING : Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems (Eighth ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: ELSEVIER Mosby.

Matsuo, T., Sairenchi, T., & Suzuki, K. (2011). Long-term stable obesity increases risk of hypertension. International Journal of Obesity, 35, 1056–1062.

Moraska, A., Pollini, R. A., Boulanger, K., Brooks, M. Z., & Lesley, T. (2010). Physiological Adjustments to Stress Measures Following Massage Therapy: A Review of the Literature. eCAM, 7(4), 409-418. doi:10.1093/ecam/nen029

Murti, B. (2010). Desain dan Ukuran Sampel untuk Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif di Bidan Kesehatan (2 ed.). Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.

Niu, W., & Qi, Y. (2011, February 25). Association of a-Adducin and G-Protein b3 Genetic Polymorphisms with Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis of Chienes Population. a-Adducin and GNB3: A Hypertension Meta-Analysis Plos ONE. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017052

Noto, Y., Kitajima, M., Kudo, M., Okudera, K., & Hirota, K. (2010, Oct 26). Leg massage therapy promotes psychological relaxation and reinforces the first-line host defense in cancer patients. Journal Anesth, 24(6), 827-831. doi:10.1007/s00540-010-1028-9

Notoatmodjo, S. (2010). Metodologi Penelitian. Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta.

Nursalam. (2008). Konsep dan Penerapan Metodologi Penelitian Ilmu Keperawatan : Pedoman Skripsi, Tesis, dan Instrumen Penelitian Keperawatan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.

Olney, C. M. (2007). Back Massage: Long Term Effects and Dosage Determination for Persons With Pre-Hypertension and Hypertension. South Florida: University of South Florida Scholar Commons.

Parker, M. E., & Smith, M. C. (2010). Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company.

Patel, H. M., Kathrotia, R. G., Pathak, N. R., & Thakkar, H. A. (2012). Effect Of Relaxation Technique On Blood Pressure In Essential Hypertension. NJIRM, 3(4), 10-14.

Perry, A. G., & Potter, P. A. (2005). Buku Ajar Fundamental Keperawatan : Konsep, Proses, Dan Praktik. Edisi 4. Volume 1. Jakarta: EGC.

Polit, & Beck. (2012). Nursing Research. Generating and Assering Evidence for Nursing Practice . Philadelphia: Lippincott. Williams and Wilkins.

Polit, F. D., & Hungler, P. B. (2010). Nursing Research : Principles and Methods. Philadelphia: Lapincott.

Riskesdas. (2013). Riset kesehatan dasar. Jakarta: badan penelitian dan pengembangan kesehatan kementerian kesehatan ri tahun 2013.

Ruffin, P. T. (2011). Massage in Nursing : From Routine Care to Complementary Therapy 1873-2011. University of Virginia: Disertation & Theses.

Sagare, S. M., Rajderkar, S. S., & Girigosavi, B. S. (2011). Certain Modifiable Risk Factors In Essential Hypertension: A Casecontrol. National Journal of Community Medicine, 24-27.

Selton, J. M., Yarar, C., Berry, J. W., & Pascoe, D. D. (2010). Therapeutic Massage of the Neck and Shoulders Produces Changes in Peripheral Blood Flow When Assessed with Dynamic Infrared Thermography. He Journal Of Alternative And Complementary Medicine, 16(7), 723-732. doi:10.1089/acm.2009.0441

Smeltzer, S. B. (2010). Texbook of medical surgical nursing. (12 ed.). Philidelphia: Lippincott William & Wilkins.

Stuart, G. W., & Laraia, M. T. (2005). Principles and Practice of Psichiatric Nursing. St. Louis: Mosby.

Sugiharto, A. (2007). Faktor-Faktor Risiko Hipertensi Grade Ii Pada Masyarakat (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Karanganyar). Thesis.

Sugiyono. (2006). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R & D. Jakarta: Alfabeta.

Susilo, W. H., Aima, H., & Suprapti, F. (2014). Biostatistik Lanjut dan Aplikasi Riset : Kajian Medikal Bedah pada Ilmu Keperawatan dengan Analisis Uji Beda, Regresi Linier Berganda dan Regresi Logistik Aplikasi Program SPSS. Jakarta: CV. Trans Info Media.

Tappan, F. M., & Benjamin, P. J. (1998). Tappan's Handbook Healing Massage Techniques : Classic, Holistic and Emerging Methods (3rd ed.). Stamford: Appleton & Lange.

Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. (2009). Pinciples Of Anatomy And Physiology (12th ed.). Hoboken: John Willey & Son, Inc.

Wang, W., Lee, E. T., Fabsitz, R. R., Devereux, R., Best, L., Welty, T. K., & Howard, B. V. (2006). A Longitudinal Study of Hypertension Risk Factors and Their Relation to Cardiovascular Disease. Risk Factors of Hypertension in American Indians Journal, 403-409. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000200710.29498.80

Weerapong, P., Hume, P. A., & Kolt, G. S. (2005). The Mechanisme of Massage and Effects on Performance, Muscle Recovery and Injury Prevention. Sports Med, 35(3), 235-256. doi:0112-1642/05/0003-0235/$34.95/0

WHO. (2013). A Global Brief on Hypertension : Silent Killer, Global Public Health. Geneva: World Health Organization.

Yuliarti. (2011). Libas Hipertensi dengan Herbal. Magelang: Gajayana.

Zhaoqing, S., & Yingxian, S. (2010). Incidence and Predictors of Hypertension Among Rural Chinese Adults: Results from Liaoning Province. Epidemiology and preventive medicine: Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease Journal, 96(3). doi:10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.299




DOI: https://doi.org/10.48134/jurkessutra.v7i1.9

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.